UROLITHIASIS (URINARY STONES) / KIDNEY STONE (RENAL CALCULUS)
What are Kidney Stones(Renal Calculus)?
Urine contains many dissolved minerals and salts. When your urine has high levels of these minerals and salts, you can form stones. Kidney stones can start small but can grow larger in size, even filling the inner hollow structures of the kidney. Some stones stay in the kidney, and do not cause any problems. Sometimes, the kidney stone can travel down the ureter, the tube between the kidney and the bladder. If the stone reaches the bladder, it can be passed out of the body in urine. If the stone becomes lodged in the ureter, it blocks the urine flow from that kidney and causes pain.
What are Kidney Stones Made of?
Kidney stones come in many different types and colors. How you treat them and stop new stones from forming depends on what type of stone you have.
Calcium stones are the most common type of kidney stone. There are two types of calcium stones: calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. Calcium oxalate is by far the most common type of calcium stone.
Uric acid stones (5-10 percent of stones)
Uric acid is a waste product that comes from chemical changes in the body. Uric acid crystals do not dissolve well in acidic urine and instead will form a uric acid stone.
Struvite/infection stones (10 percent of stones)
Struvite stones are not a common type of stone. These stones are related to chronic urinary tract infections (UTIs). Some bacteria make the urine less acidic and more basic or alkaline.
Cystine stones (less than 1 percent of stones)
Cystine is an amino acid that is in certain foods; it is one of the building blocks of protein. Cystine stones often start to form in childhood.
Symptoms
(A kidney stone may not cause symptoms until it moves around within kidney or passes into ureter.)
Signs and symptoms of Kidney stones may include:
-a sharp, cramping pain & Severe pain in back (below the ribs) and the side.
-Pain that radiates to the lower abdomen and groin.
-Pain that comes in waves and fluctuates in intensity.
-Pain on urination and burning feeling during urination.
-Pink, red or brown urine.
-Cloudy or foul-smelling urine.
-Nausea and vomiting.
-Persistent need to urinate.
-Urinating more often than usual.
-Fever and chills if an infection is present.
-Urinating small amounts,
and for men-you may feel pain at the tip of the penis.
Urinary Bladder Stones
Urinary Bladder Stones can develop when the minerals in concentrated urine crystallize. This often happens when you have trouble completely emptying your bladder. Left untreated, bladder stones may lead to infections and other complications.
Symptoms
-When stone irritates the bladder wall or blocks the flow of urine, it may cuse.
-Lower abdominal pain.
-Pain during urination.
-Frequent urination.
-Difficulty urinating or interrupted urine flow.
-Blood in the urine.
-Cloudy or abnormally dark-colored urine.
Ureteral Stones
The stone will have formed in the kidney and passed into the ureter with the urine from one of the kidneys. Sometimes, these stones are very small. When that’s the case, the stones may pass through the ureter and then into bladder, and eventually pass out of body when you urinate.
Sometimes, however, a stone can be too large to pass and can get lodged in the ureter. It may block the flow of urine and can be extremely painful.
Signs and symptoms of Ureteral stones may include:
-Pain in the back and side, often just below the ribs.
-Pain that changes, for example: It spreads to the lower abdomen and possibly the groin. Pain shifts locations.
-Pain with urination.
-Nausea or vomiting.
-More frequent urination.
-Urine that is cloudy or has a strong, foul smell.
-Blood in the urine.
Causes
(1) Low urine volume (2) Diet (3) Bowel conditions (4) Obesity (5) Medications (6) Family history
Treatment
Treatment depends on the type of stone, how bad it is and the length of time you have had symptoms. There are different treatments to choose from. At Global Poly Clinic, we offer a comprehensive approach combining modern medicine, Unani, and herbal treatments.
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FAQs
Urolithiasis, also known as kidney stones, is a condition where hard mineral deposits form in the kidneys, causing pain and discomfort.
Symptoms include severe back or side pain, blood in urine, nausea, vomiting, and frequent urination.
Diagnosis is typically done through imaging tests like ultrasound, CT scan, or X-rays, along with urine and blood tests.
Kidney stones can form due to dehydration, high salt intake, certain medications, and genetic factors.
Treatments range from medication to help pass the stones, to procedures like lithotripsy or surgery in severe cases.
Yes, staying hydrated, reducing salt and protein intake, and following a balanced diet can help prevent kidney stones.
Global Poly Clinic offers specialized herbal and Unani treatments that can help dissolve and pass kidney stones naturally.